Dub N Sladkov

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• • • • • • • • • • • • • • Subgenres • Fusion genres • • • Other topics Dub is a genre of that grew out of in the 1960s, and is commonly considered a subgenre, though it has developed to extend beyond the scope of reggae. Music in this genre consists predominantly of instrumental of existing recordings and is achieved by significantly manipulating and reshaping the recordings, usually by removing the vocals from an existing music piece, and emphasizing the and parts (this stripped-down track is sometimes referred to as a ).

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Other techniques include dynamically adding extensive,, panoramic delay, and occasional of vocal or instrumental snippets from the original version or other works. It was an early form of popular electronic music.

The was widely used by dub producers in the 1970s to produce echo and delay effects. Dub was pioneered by,, and others in the late 1960s. Is credited with bringing the melodica to dub, and is also among the pioneers and creators of the genre. Similar experiments with recordings at the mixing desk outside the dancehall environment were also done by producers. These producers, especially Ruddock and Perry, looked upon the as an instrument, manipulating tracks to come up with something new and different.

Dub has influenced many genres of music, including (most significantly the subgenre of and other kinds of ),,,, and later,,,,. Dub has become a basis for the genres of and Traditional dub has survived, and some of the originators, such as Lee 'Scratch' Perry and, continue to produce new material.

Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Name [ ] The verb dub is defined as making a copy of one recording to another. The process of using previously recorded material, modifying the material, and subsequently recording it to a new master mix, in effect doubling or 'dubbing' the material, was utilized by Jamaican producers when making dubs. The term dub had multiple meanings in Jamaica around the time of the music's origin. The most frequent meanings referred to either a form of erotic dance or sexual intercourse; such usage is frequently present in names of reggae songs, for instance, of ' 'Dub the Pum Pum' (where pum pum is Jamaican slang for female genitalia), Big Joe and Fay's 'Dub a Dawta' ( dawta is Jamaican patois for ). 's 'Sister Maggie Breast' features several references on: I man a- dub it on the side Say little sister you can run but you can't hide Slip you got to slide you got to open your crotches wide Peace and love abide Some musicians, for instance, had alternative meanings for the term dub.

In concert, the order ' dub this one!' Meant 'put an emphasis on bass and drums'. Drummer points to a similar interpretation, relating the term dubwise to using only and bass. Another possible source was the term, as suggested.

John Corbett has suggested that dub could derive from duppy, a word for ghost, as referenced by having named the dub version of his album, and by Lee 'Scratch' Perry stating that dub is 'the ghost in me coming out'. The word 'duppy' also relates to 'dub' through Jamaica's history of intra-racial terror, violence, and murder that is often overlooked in favor of Jamaican ideologies of racial solidarity. The ghosts of these victims, or 'duppies', are thought to be captured best within the dub instrumentals. To describe dub in his study 'When Echoes Return', Louis Chude-Sokei states, 'Its swirling echoes are metaphors of loss while the disembodied voices and gunshots mimic the sound of ghosts, the sudden dead.'

Characteristics [ ]. See also: Dub music is characterized by a 'version' or 'double' of an existing song, often instrumental, using of records and typically emphasizing the drums and bass for a sound popular in local. A 'version' is a record with the vocals removed, the alternative cut of a song made for the DJ to toast over. These 'versions' were used as the basis of new songs by rerecording them with new elements.

The instrumental tracks are typically drenched in such as,, with instruments and vocals dropping in and out of the mix. Another hallmark of the dub sound is the prominent use of bass guitar. The music sometimes features other noises, such as birds singing, thunder and lightning, water flowing, and producers shouting instructions at the musicians. It can be further augmented by live DJs. The many-layered sounds with varying echoes and volumes are often said to create soundscapes, or sound sculptures, drawing attention to the shape and depth of the space between sounds as well as to the sounds themselves. There is usually a distinctly organic feel to the music, even though the effects are electronically created. Often these tracks are used for ' rapping heavily rhymed and lyrics.